Currently, people of different age groups have various diseases of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, rheumatological and bone diseases.Anyone at any age can get sick.But the most common diseases are the musculoskeletal system.These diseases can occur in both the elderly and the young.Small joints are most often affected, such joints include the formations of the hands and feet.For what reason do the joints of bone structures hurt, what causes pain in the joints of the fingers and how to treat it?
reason
When the pain appears in the hand area, until a certain time we do not pay due attention;meanwhile, the progress and development of the disease occurs.What diseases can cause pain in the joints of the fingers?The most common diseases of bone joints that can provoke a painful attack:
- Polyosteoarthrosis of bone joints.
- Arthritis (rheumatoid or psoriatic).
- Worsening of gout.
- Tenosynovitis
- Risarthrosis.
- Limb injury.
- Microcirculation disorder.
- Pathology of the nerve endings or the spine.
- Early treatment of chronic diseases.
Why do my knuckles hurt?Pain in the joints of the fingers in different pathologies has different causes.Let's examine in detail the characteristics of pain in various pathologies.
Osteoarthritis
When polyosteoarthrosis occurs, pain in the joints of the fingers can appear both in people under 45 years old and in those over 55 years old.With this pathology, a distinctive feature is that when the joints are damaged, Heberden's joints appear.They are located on the back of the palm, which is also characteristic for the fact that they are formed in the same way (on the right and left at the same time in similar places).
Nodules can appear on the phalanges of the fingers (the index and middle fingers are most often affected).At the very moment of the formation of such a joint, the patient may feel an unpleasant burning sensation, pain, swelling and redness.First of all, it is necessary to treat the original cause.
Rheumatoid arthritis
With rheumatoid arthritis, finger joints hurt in 6-7 percent of cases.The disease can appear in people of different age groups, women are affected more often and is formed against the background of emotional stress, after colds, infections or hypothermia.The disease begins with inflammatory changes, then the affected joint swells a little, the pain worsens when the phalanges of the right and left hands are bent.The lesion is usually symmetrical and other, even large, nodes may be involved.
The pathology has an inflammatory nature of the pain (it intensifies at night and in the morning, and during the day and evening the pain attack decreases a little).In addition to these symptoms, the patient feels weak, has a fever and may have chills.Therapy should be aimed at treating the underlying disease.
Psoriasis
In 5% of cases, pain may appear due to psoriatic arthritis.People between the ages of 20 and 50 who have skin lesions (psoriatic plaques) are affected.The peculiarity of the inflammatory process is that the disease has axial inflammation (all joints of the affected finger are injured).The skin over such a joint has a burgundy color.
Inflammation can affect the joints of the bones of the right or left hand, but very rarely both at the same time, which indicates its asymmetry.
gout
A colic is responsible for the pain in less than 4% of cases.It occurs more often in men, most often occurs with damage to the big toe and then affects other joints.It occurs between the ages of 20 and 50.In the hands, the disease develops from damage to the thumb (less often from the little finger), then it spreads to other joints, the pain worsens at night, which disrupts sleep patterns and quality, the thumb takes on a red hue and becomes hot to the touch.
The duration of an acute attack can reach up to 12 days, then the pain subsides.The paroxysmal course of the pain syndrome is a feature of this disease.
INJURY
Limb injuries and dislocations play an important role when fingers are injured.When cartilage tissue is damaged, its gradual regeneration occurs, but there will no longer be complete and identical cartilage;in any case, there will be a defect of one degree or another.Initially, no symptoms may appear, but gradually the cartilage tissue wears out and no longer fully performs its functions, which leads to pain (pain appears earlier when the little toe is touched).
Other diseases
De Carvin's tenosynovitis causes pain in 2-3% and involves an inflammatory process in the muscle tissue of the big toe.Typically, the pain occurs at the base of the joint;it is spontaneous or provoked by overload, intensifying with bending and stretching (the pain does not appear in the area from the index finger to the little finger).
With rhizarthrosis, the thumb hurts, the pathology of its articulation appears, most often it manifests itself in connection with polyosteoarthrosis, less often independently.It is provoked by a strong constant load.It is difficult to diagnose the disease from de Carvin's tenosynovitis.But with this pathology, a special feature is the deformation of the bones of the fingers, which is clearly visible on the X-ray of the hand.
Treatment
Timely, and most importantly, correctly prescribed treatment will help avoid pain in the later stages of life.Prevention of rheumatological diseases is an important point in maintaining the same standard of living.But what should be done and how to treat the disease if it appears or worsens?
Therapeutic methods should have a comprehensive effect, solve several problems and promote the restoration of damaged tissues.
First of all, it is necessary to correctly diagnose the cause of the disease, then determine what treatment method (medical or surgical).
Drug treatment
The most common group of drugs that can reduce or completely stop pain are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).In addition to the analgesic effect, they also have anti-inflammatory properties.
The medicinal substance can be applied independently, taking into account the available instructions.
For arthritis, when the joints of the hands hurt, glucocorticosteroid drugs (GCS) are prescribed;this group has an anti-inflammatory effect, which immediately stops the pain attack.To increase the healing and regenerating effect, various oils and creams are used;they will also help relieve the pain in a short time.
Physiotherapy methods of treatment and prevention are widespread.The most popular methods are:
- Phonophoresis.
- Ultra high frequency (UHF) therapy.
- Ultraviolet and infrared radiation.
- Performing gymnastic exercises.
- Therapeutic and restorative massage.
- Moderate physical activity.
Surgical treatment
This method is radical and is already used in the late and advanced stages of the disease.Surgery is performed using prostheses, replacing articular surfaces or restoring blood flow.